CBSE Class 9 Science Syllabus 2021-22

CBSE Class 9 Science Syllabus

Unit I: Matter-Nature and Behaviour

Definition of matter; solid, liquid, and gas; characteristics – shape, volume, density; change of state-melting (absorption of heat), freezing, evaporation (cooling by evaporation), condensation, sublimation.
Nature of matter: Elements, compounds, and mixtures. Heterogeneous and homogenous mixtures, colloids, and suspensions.

Particle nature and their basic units: Atoms and molecules, Law of constant proportions, Atomic and molecular masses. Mole concept: Relationship of mole to mass of the particles and numbers.

Structure of atoms: Electrons, protons, and neutrons, valency, the chemical formula of common compounds. Isotopes and Isobars.

Unit II: Organization in the Living World

Cell – Basic Unit of life: Cell as a basic unit of life; prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, multicellular organisms; cell membrane
and cell wall, cell organelles and cell inclusions; chloroplast, mitochondria, vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus; nucleus, chromosomes – basic structure, number.

Tissues, Organs, Organ System, Organism: Structure and functions of animal and plant tissues (only four types of tissues in animals; Meristematic and Permanent tissues in plants).

Biological Diversity: Diversity of plants and animals-basic issues in scientific naming, the basis of classification. Hierarchy of categories/groups, Major groups of plants (salient features) (Bacteria, Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms). Major groups of animals (salient features) (Nonchordates up to phyla and chordates up to classes)

Health and Diseases: Health and its failure. Infectious and Non-infectious diseases, their causes and manifestation. Diseases caused by microbes (Virus, Bacteria and Protozoans) and their prevention; Principles of treatment and prevention. Pulse Polio programmes.

Unit III: Motion, Force and Work

Motion: Distance and displacement, velocity; uniform and non-uniform motion along a straight line; acceleration, distance-time and velocity-time graphs for uniform motion and uniformly accelerated motion, derivation of equations of motion by graphical method; elementary idea of uniform circular motion.

Force and Newton’s laws : Force and Motion, Newton’s Laws of Motion, Action and Reaction forces, Inertia of a body, Inertia
and mass, Momentum, Force and Acceleration. Elementary idea of conservation of Momentum.

Gravitation: Gravitation; Universal Law of Gravitation, Force of Gravitation of the earth (gravity), Acceleration due to Gravity; Mass and Weight; Freefall.

Floatation: Thrust and Pressure. Archimedes’ Principle; Buoyancy; Elementary idea of Relative Density.

Work, energy, and power: Work done by a Force, Energy, power; Kinetic and Potential energy; Law of conservation of energy.

Sound: Nature of sound and its propagation in various media, speed of sound, range of hearing in humans; ultrasound; reflection of sound; echo and SONAR. Structure of the Human Ear (Auditory aspect only)

Unit IV: Our Environment

Physical resources: Air, Water, Soil. Air for respiration, for combustion, for moderating temperatures; movements of air
and its role in bringing rains across India. Air, water and soil pollution (brief introduction). Holes in ozone layer and the probable damages.

Bio-geo chemical cycles in nature: Water, Oxygen, Carbon and Nitrogen.

Unit V: Food Production

Plant and animal breeding and selection for quality improvement and management; Use of fertilizers
and manures; Protection from pests and diseases; Organic farming.

CBSE Class 9 Science Syllabus, CBSE Class 9 Science Practical Syllabus